What are the two houses of Congress?

The two houses of Congress are indeed the Senate and the House of Representatives. Congress, as established by the U.S. Constitution, is a bicameral legislature, meaning it consists of two separate chambers.

The Senate is composed of 100 members, with each state contributing two senators regardless of its population size. This structure was designed to ensure equal representation of the states. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, is made up of representatives based on the population of each state, with larger states having more representatives. This arrangement allows for representation that is reflective of the populous nature of the states.

This dual structure is fundamental to the legislative process in the U.S., as it ensures that both individual states (through the Senate) and the population (through the House) have a voice in federal lawmaking. Understanding this bicameral system is crucial for recognizing how laws are debated, amended, and passed at the national level.